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Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (ERISA)

Legislation enacted in 1947 that protects workers from losing benefits that are provided through the workplace. The Act does not require employers to establish a benefit plan for employees but does include requirements for the plan when one is in place.

Physician-Hospital Organization (PHO)

Organizations, either legal or informal, that link hospitals with their medical staff. PHOs can be open or closed to any member based on qualifications.